What is PrEP? - Phuket Medical Clinic

July 1, 2023July 1, 2023

PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is a preventive strategy that involves the use of antiretroviral medication to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV. It is highly effective when taken as prescribed. Offering protection to individuals at high risk of infection. Such as those in serodiscordant relationships or engaging in unprotected sex with multiple partners. PrEP works by inhibiting the replication of HIV in the body, thereby preventing the virus from establishing an infection. This revolutionary approach has shown significant success in preventing new HIV cases. And has become an essential tool in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, alongside other prevention methods.

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PrEP stands for

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis. It is a medication regimen used to prevent the transmission of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in individuals who are at a high risk of acquiring the virus. PrEP involves taking antiretroviral drugs, typically a combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC), on a regular basis. The purpose of PrEP is to provide a protective effect against HIV infection before exposure to the virus occurs. It works by inhibiting the replication of HIV in the body, reducing the risk of the virus establishing itself and causing infection.

How Does PrEP Work?

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis works by using antiretroviral drugs to prevent the transmission and establishment of HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) in the body. Here’s how it works:

Targeting HIV replication: The primary antiretroviral drugs used in PrEP are tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC). These drugs interfere with the replication process of the virus, preventing it from multiplying and spreading throughout the body.
High drug concentration: When taken consistently, PrEP maintains a consistent level of antiretroviral drugs in the blood and other target tissues, such as the rectal and genital areas. This high concentration of medication helps to block the virus from establishing itself if a person is exposed to HIV.
Blocking viral entry: The antiretroviral drugs in PrEP work by inhibiting key enzymes and proteins necessary for HIV replication. They can prevent the virus from entering healthy cells, interfering with its ability to infect and spread within the body.
Continuous protection: PrEP is typically taken on an ongoing basis, ideally every day, to ensure a consistent level of antiretroviral drugs in the system. This sustained protection reduces the risk of HIV transmission if an individual is exposed to the virus.

Benefits of PrEP

PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) offers several benefits in preventing HIV transmission and improving overall sexual health. Here are some key benefits of PrEP:

Highly effective: When taken consistently and correctly, PrEP has been shown to be highly effective in reducing the risk of acquiring HIV. Clinical trials and real-world studies have demonstrated significant reductions in HIV transmission rates among individuals using PrEP.
Empowerment and control: PrEP empowers individuals by providing them with an additional tool for HIV prevention. It allows individuals to take proactive steps to protect their own health and reduce the anxiety and fear associated with the risk of HIV transmission.
Prevention for high-risk populations: PrEP is particularly beneficial for individuals who are at high risk of acquiring HIV. Including those with HIV-positive partners, individuals engaging in condomless sex with multiple partners, and people who inject drugs. It offers an additional layer of protection beyond traditional preventive methods like condom use.

Benefits in Preventing HIV Transmission

Protection during periods of increased risk: PrEP is especially valuable during times when the risk of HIV transmission may be elevated. Such as when starting a new sexual relationship, engaging in sexual activities with a partner of unknown HIV status. Or encountering situations where condom use may be inconsistent or compromised.
Integrated sexual health care: PrEP offers an opportunity for individuals to engage with healthcare providers and receive comprehensive sexual health care. Regular PrEP visits typically involve HIV testing, screening for other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and counseling on risk reduction strategies. This holistic approach to care can address various aspects of sexual health and well-being.
Additional benefits: While the primary purpose of PrEP is HIV prevention, it may also offer additional benefits. For example, individuals using PrEP are typically engaged in regular healthcare monitoring, leading to earlier detection and treatment of other STIs. Additionally, PrEP use can contribute to reducing stigma around HIV by normalizing discussions about sexual health and HIV prevention.

Who Should Consider PrEP?

PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) is recommended for individuals who are at a high risk of acquiring HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The following groups of people should consider PrEP:

Individuals with HIV-positive partners: If you are in a sexual relationship with a partner who is HIV-positive, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis can provide an additional layer of protection against HIV transmission.
Men who have sex with men (MSM): MSM are at a higher risk of HIV infection compared to the general population. PrEP is strongly recommended for MSM who engage in condomless anal sex. Have multiple sexual partners, or participate in high-risk sexual activities.
Transgender individuals: Transgender individuals, especially transgender women, face an increased risk of HIV infection. PrEP is an important prevention tool for transgender individuals who engage in condomless sex or have multiple sexual partners.
Individuals with a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Having a history of STIs indicates an increased risk of HIV transmission. PrEP can be beneficial for individuals with a history of recent or recurrent STIs.
People who inject drugs (PWID): PWID are at risk of HIV transmission through sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia. Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis can provide protection against HIV for individuals who inject drugs or are in environments with a high prevalence of HIV.
Commercial sex workers: Individuals involved in sex work, particularly those engaging in condomless sex or working in areas with a high HIV prevalence, can benefit from PrEP as a preventive measure.
Individuals with inconsistent condom use: If you engage in sexual activities where consistent condom use is challenging or inconsistent, PrEP can be a valuable option to reduce the risk of HIV transmission.

Safe Sexual Practices

PrEP is an effective tool for reducing the risk of HIV transmission. But it is important to remember that it does not provide protection against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or prevent unwanted pregnancies. Therefore, it is crucial to combine PrEP with safe sexual practices to maintain overall sexual health. Here are some recommendations for practicing safe sex while using PrEP:

Consistent and correct PrEP use: Take your PrEP medication as prescribed, following the recommended dosage and schedule. Consistency is key to ensure its effectiveness in reducing the risk of HIV transmission.
Condom use: While PrEP provides significant protection against HIV. Using condoms consistently and correctly adds an extra layer of protection against both HIV and other STIs. Condoms can also help prevent unwanted pregnancies.
Regular HIV and STI testing: It is important to get tested regularly for HIV and other STIs. Even if you are using PrEP. Regular testing helps ensure early detection and prompt treatment if necessary. Follow the testing schedule recommended by your healthcare provider.
Open and honest communication: Discuss sexual health, HIV status and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis use openly and honestly with your sexual partners. This helps ensure that everyone involved can make informed decisions and take appropriate precautions.

PrEP with Safe Sexual Practices

Partner selection and risk assessment: Consider the HIV status and sexual behaviors of your partners. When making decisions about sexual activities. Engaging in sexual activities with partners who are aware of their HIV status. And are on effective HIV treatment (known as Undetectable = Untransmittable, or U=U) can significantly reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
Limiting the number of sexual partners: Reducing the number of sexual partners can help lower the risk of HIV and other STIs. Being selective in choosing partners and engaging in mutually monogamous relationships can reduce the likelihood of exposure.
Substance use and risk reduction: If you use drugs or alcohol, be mindful of how substance use may affect your decision-making and risk-taking behaviors. Substance use can impair judgment and lead to engaging in higher-risk sexual activities. Use harm reduction strategies to minimize potential risks.

Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis is a highly effective medication regimen for preventing HIV transmission. By taking antiretroviral drugs consistently, individuals at high risk of acquiring HIV can significantly reduce their chances of infection. Empowers people to take control of their sexual health and provides an additional layer of protection alongside safe sexual practices. It is particularly beneficial for individuals with HIV-positive partners. Men who have sex with men, transgender individuals, those with a history of STIs, people who inject drugs, and commercial sex workers. When combined with regular testing and adherence. Plays a crucial role in reducing new HIV infections and promoting overall sexual health. If you want to use PrEP services, you can contact Phuket Medical Clinic or make a reservation online here.